Arterial Blockage and Embolism

This article explains arterial blockage and embolism, symptoms, causes and treatment. The process of blood circulation around the body is very vital to life. This continuous blood flow carries oxygen, absorbed food nutrients, antibodies and other components needed to sustain stable and healthy body functions. Any medical condition that obstructs circulation can quickly result in a life-threatening situation; one of such conditions is embolism.

What is embolism?

Blood is circulated to every body part through a network of arteries (vessels that carry blood away from the heart). The average diameter of a vein is about 4.6mm wide, which can become blocked by blood clots carried in the bloodstream. When this happens, the normal flow of blood through the artery is obstructed, resulting in a condition known as embolism.

A single large clot can result in embolism at one point along the artery or lead to several clots, which are break-away fragments of the clot. It can cause multiple emboli in different body parts such as the brain, heart, lungs, and kidneys.

Since blood is vital for the body's metabolic function, an embolism can cause a seizure in the process of body parts (either on the left or right side of the body).

Symptoms of embolism

Embolism symptoms are usually asymmetrical and develop in the affected side of the body, primarily affecting the legs and arms. They include pale skin, numbness, lack of movement, an absence of pulse, muscle spasms, coldness and general weakness.

If you notice any of these symptoms, seek immediate medical attention as embolism is a medical emergency.

Causes of embolism

The most common causes of embolism include the following:

• High blood pressure: Embolism often results from weakened or damaged arteries. A significant reason for this is high blood pressure which slacks the arterial wall making it easier for blood to become trapped, leading to an arterial blockage.
• High cholesterol levels: Consumption of foods like hamburgers, hot dogs, cheese and butter with high levels of cholesterol can lead to a buildup of fatty deposits on the arterial walls, further narrowing its diameter and increasing the risk of developing embolism.
• Coronary disease: Any heart disease can also affect the arteries. For example, arterial fibrillation can result from an irregular heartbeat.
• Arterial injury: An accidental impact on the arteries can result in severe injuries that can lead to arterial blockage and problems in blood circulation.

Other risk factors include smoking, recent surgery, obesity, sedentary lifestyle and advancing age.

Treatment for embolism and arterial blockage

Any embolism case requires immediate treatment as any delays can permanently damage a body part. Some effective treatment measures include the following:

• Medications: Certain drug prescriptions are used to treat arterial blockage and embolism. They include anticoagulants, which help prevent blood clots, and thrombolytics. Which helps dissolve existing emboli.
• Surgery: Some cases of embolism may require surgical procedures to remove the clot. It may involve angioplasty, where a balloon catheter is inserted in the affected artery and inflated to open up the blockage and restore blood circulation.
• Exercise: Keeping an active life through regular exercise can be very helpful in improving blood circulation and preventing clots.
• Herbal remedy: Some effective herbal medicines are used to improve blood circulation and keep the blood from coagulating. There are high-quality herbal medicines in the Kedi healthcare range of products.

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