Arteriosclerosis Treatment, Symptoms and Causes

This article explains arteriosclerosis treatment, symptoms and causes. The arteries play a vital role in carrying blood from the heart for supply to other body parts. Therefore when these vessels become narrowed, it can restrict normal blood flow and result in a life-threatening condition known as arteriosclerosis. Let us learn more about this condition, its causes and ways to prevent and treat it effectively.

What is arteriosclerosis?

This condition is also known as arteriosclerotic vascular disease. It involves the buildup of plaques in the wall lining of the arteries that become narrowed and hardened, disrupting the normal flow of blood.

Usually, the artery is lined by a thin layer of cells known as the endothelium that promotes a smooth blood flow. When there is an increase in harmful cholesterol in the bloodstream, it can cling to an epithelium layer that may have been damaged by rising blood pressure. It will lead to a gradual buildup of cholesterol, calcium, macrophages and other substances in the blood, resulting in arteriosclerosis.

Sometimes, a blood clot may further make the artery narrower and restrict blood flow. Arteriosclerosis can be a severe condition and is the leading cause of paralysis and sudden deaths through strokes and heart attacks.

Symptoms of arteriosclerosis

An extensive network of arteries is spread across every part of the body. Symptoms of arteriosclerosis will largely depend on which of the arteries is affected. Common examples are:

• Carotid arteries: Supplies blood to the brain; symptoms include facial numbness, paralysis, weakness and headaches.
• Coronary (pulmonary) arteries: Supplies blood to the heart; symptoms include chest pains, vomiting, fatigue and extreme anxiety.
• Renal artery: Supplies blood to the kidneys; symptoms include swollen hands and legs, loss of appetite, and restlessness.

Causes of arteriosclerosis

The most common causes of arteriosclerosis include:

• High cholesterol levels: This is mainly connected to poor diets high in sugar and fats. It contributes to the buildup of cholesterol levels in the body, which is then carried in the bloodstream and increases the risk of arteriosclerosis.
• Unhealthy lifestyle: Not exercising regularly, eating junk foods, smoking and consumption of alcohol all increase the risk of developing arteriosclerosis.
• High blood pressure: It is essential always to do regular medical checks and ensure that your blood pressure is normal. It helps prevent high blood pressure, and it can be quickly treated when it occurs. The problem can damage the epithelium and result in arteriosclerosis.

Arteriosclerosis treatment 

It is essential to seek prompt arteriosclerosis treatment once any worrying signs and symptoms are noticed. Treatment will often include the following:

• Medication: Common medications that are prescribed for arteriosclerosis treatment include statins, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, and antiplatelets, which help to lower blood cholesterol levels and lower blood pressure and prevent the buildup of plagues and clots, respectively.
• Surgery: Surgery will be needed if arteries become damaged or blocked. These procedures include angioplasty or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Angioplasty helps expand the arteries to improve blood flow. CABG involves using another artery to bypass a blocked artery.
• Herbal medicine: Natural atherosclerosis treatment is also available for improving blood circulation by lowering blood sugar and cholesterol levels and maintaining healthy blood pressure.
• Lifestyle changes: Exercising can help reduce blood cholesterol levels and ensure good coronary health. Quitting smoking and alcohol intake can also help reduce the risks of arteriosclerosis.

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